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An Overview Of Ureter Cancer
Ureter Cancer is the malignant proliferation of the cells of the bladder. Most often, this originates in transitional cells, which are cells in the lining of the bladder. Only a small percentage of ureter cancers, approximately 10%, start in the squamous cells. These are the flat cells in the outer layer of the skin that line the respiratory and digestive tracts, and hollow organs. Anatomy As urine is collected in the kidneys, it empties into two tubes called the ureters, which in turn lead to the bladder. Each ureter is a small tube, about 10-11 inches (25 to 30 cm) long, that carries urine from the renal pelvis in the kidney to the urinary bladder. It descends from the renal pelvis, along the posterior abdominal wall, behind the parietal peritoneum, and enters the urinary bladder on the posterior inferior surface. The ureters join the bladder through an angled tunnel in the bladder wall that prevents reflux, or backflow of urine, into the ureters when the bladder muscle contracts. Risk Factors Causative factors for ureter cancer are still unknown. Smoking, like in most cancers, is identified as a risk factor, as well as exposure to chemicals. A previous history of cancer like kidney cancer, most likely increases ones risk of getting ureter cancer. Symptoms for cancer of the ureter include: Weight loss (unintentional). Fatigue. Dark urine. Urinary frequency and/or urgency. Pain or burning discomfort during urination. Urinary hesitancy. Pain at the juncture of ribs and spine. Blood in urine. Blood clots in urine. Cramps or back pain. Urethral discharge and swelling. Pain during sexual intercourse. Recurrent urinary tract infection. These symptoms may also present in other health problems, such as urinary infections. Experiencing one or more of these symptoms does not automatically suggest having ureter cancer. To definitely diagnose ureter cancer requires help of a doctor and a series of laboratory tests. Treatment The primary treatment, as in most cancers, is surgery. In this method, affected part or the tumor itself is removed by a surgeon. In some cases, one whole kidney and ureter may be removed. This is followed by a course of radiation therapies and chemotherapies to kill or stunt the proliferation of cancer cell. A lifetime of frequent follow-ups ensues, to reduce the chance of recurrence of cancer. Treatment and prognosis for ureter cancer depends on the patient's age, overall health, and what stage the cancer is in. Article Directory: http://www.articledashboard.com Betty is a medical student who is studying a whole range of medical issues. In addition to studying about sinus cancer treatments, she has also studied everyday issues such as how to check for bed bugs. She and has even developed some of her own healthy lunch recipes . |
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