1. Talk to simply learn the words (lexicology) is a professional linguists study vocabulary of language.
So, of the words in the vocabulary.
Vocabulary is gathered from all units and is equivalent to in the language.
Unit is equivalent to that from fixed phrases, which they still called, or idiom, the language. For example: Training falls into retina, hand in the dance, the daughter of wine, bamboo root hair, the damnable, ... in English, or wolf in sheep's clothing (the fiber c?u lot), like a bat out of hell (three c?ng four legs) ... in English.
2. mission and purpose of learning vocabulary is to answer the issues as:
From What? It is created by what and how?
Meaning of the word is what? ? Want to analyze what is the meaning that must be how?
In fact the type collections words such as: contract audio means, the left and the words ... What is the research and how it?
Divided the vocabulary of how? Roads and development of words how ...
In fact, research words can come from the other comments and use different methods. If the survey issues for all (or many) words of many languages, as we look at the average vocabulary of university guards. Conversely, if only interested in the problems of words in a language that, as we stand on the average of specific research. For example: words in English, words in Korean language, vocabulary study, ...
When a research words long (now) is, one analysis, description From the lengthy, and often called names such as: Vocabulary study (English / Russian / ...) and modern.
Conversely, research, words with a look at history will build the vocabulary of professional school history, survey the place of words in the development-history of it. Here, methods of historical comparison, and factors outside the language, will be attention exploitation and use.
3. As said from the beginning, the subjects learn vocabulary, phonetics, and grammar school subjects are relatively independent. However, they are not separated completely but still related to each other.
Grammar and vocabulary study are the object of research is, particularly, the structure created from a section between the two this subject, making both to the discussion. Of the phonetics necessarily the individual: only pay attention to the present sound of the word. However, three subjects this when many had to use the research results of each other. The analysis of the words with the method using context, the analysis from the border ... for instance, can not rely on the signs and rules of grammar, pronunciation, such as: combining principles from , functions and order in France, the conversion type, the phenomenon of sound (especially in the sound - dynamic accent), the loss of the negative end ... On the other hand, studies of variation, deformation of the word, especially research vocabulary and historical resources, be sure to use the knowledge of phonetics, a sound education. Conversely, not the scarce knowledge of grammar and pronunciation (especially pronunciation history) only can be solved through analysis, "a word study" as analysis of the word, from history, from local language ...
In addition, other subjects, including in and outside the language learning such as learning style, study the dictionary, the history of civilized culture, ... are much less related to vocabulary learning.
4. Có nh?ng b? môn h́nh thành trên co s? nghiên c?u nh?ng m?t, nh?ng b? ph?n khác nhau c?a t? v?ng. 4. There are the subject up on the basis of the research, the parts of different words. N?u không ḍi h?i th?t nghiêm ng?t v? cách hi?u th́ có th? xem nhu chúng du?c tách ra t? t? v?ng h?c v?y. If it does not require very strict about how you can understand as they are separated from the words in it.
4.a. Department goals are to learn, explain and define the form, the meaning of nature C?i source of the word. It approaches the subject of research by history's vision is essential and as many to use the materials for the science neighborhood as the school, national school, cultural, and political ...
One example: Central Vietnam rivers are called "river code". In folk, they explained that it is called "river code" because it flows xiet, fast and strong as galloping, and Code River means "River Horses".
To explain feeling, the owner, no such evidence, called the lexical space.
From scientific study to find scientific evidence to explain. in fact, "river code" is the word "farm" going by the name of: River MA, recorded with a Kanji, reading the "code" (horse).
This ancient Chinese (also stored in the language center) which has a mean ME. The big rivers in Southeast Asia is often called by the name means Me (with implied is large, largest) so. Ch?ng h?n: For example:
Vietnamese have adolescent river, river barriers CAI = mother
Thailand has the Menam River = mother
English course with river Meklong = mother
(Model name is also shown through the naming of a number of "large" in English: thumb, column CAI, computer Cai, toes CAI, CAI chopsticks, ...).
So called "river code" is not outside the rules set places in the above areas, and need to understand "river CODE" = "river code" = "river CAI" (meaning "mother river, big river") but is not a "river Horses."
From research work is hardly complete, but very interesting.
4.b. my Department is researching the law to name: the name, the name of rivers, mountains name, the name of the land ... So, here are two: on learning and study places.
Example 1: The card has my research the rule set name of the Vietnamese, Korean, Khmer, Muong, and ... must be hard to find answers to the kinds of questions such as:
- Individual name of each person in the nation that what the factors used to indicate what?
- Sex is the name on call?
- Name of the wife and husband that what follows does not have it together? Factors lí mind, the United States, kiêng now ... affect the name, and if the impact caused by the trend is ...
Look crawled name of the Vietnamese in the near k? this, we can see:
Username women, previously required are:
They Thi + (shown gender) + own name (not the marriageable)
They Thi + husband + husband name (taken from the husband)
Name is often men:
They + middle name (as you like, do not necessarily have) + name
Currently, names of women are not obligated to use the THI. For example: Li Tran Phuong, Ngo Viet Ha ... Women today still take their husband's name, and not called by her husband again.
On the other hand, many double name has been used for both male and female: Kieu Oanh, Hoang Lan Anh Tuan points Mi, ... and even the name little more special such as Thanh Thanh, Noen, Diem Diem, Li Li, ...
Vietnamese names are the fluctuations are very diverse depending on gender, education level, occupation, living environment and personal preferences. General trend is good and proper diversification and proper. However, despite what the go who can not use names of mothers, he, she, the, now, the names of those in the glass with their name to their children. In the opinion of the school, which is now kiêng that can be assigned to the scope of ethical behavior.
Example 2: Study rules named river in Southeast Asia, we see prominent feature is they are often the only water or concepts Song. Regional language Tay, Thai use factors "in a year": Nam Ta (Red River), Te Nam (Da River), South MA (River MA), South Khoong (Mekong River) and other rivers, such as: Nam Le, Nam Na, Nam Rom ...
In Thailand have rivers Mê Nam (me: me; Male = nam), the language of group Mon-Khmer (ti?ng Ba Na, Hre, the Post, ...) we use the "Dak" (water): Dak Rong River, Dak Min river, lake Daklak ...
4.c. literature study is the subject of research problems of the word. It is directly related to the dictionary is a study of subjects research issues lí theory and technical building of available dictionaries. Dictionary study related very closely to words and literature study. Có th? phân chi t? di?n thành hai lo?i l?n. Can read the dictionary into two major types.
4.c.1.This dictionary is not to build the language in general, but mainly make and explain concepts, present from its background to different views, together with the changes it (if any) of content, ...
Immediate type dictionary that all fields are called Encyclopedia, and for each type of a field is the dictionary longing immediate specializations. For example: Dictionary immediate scientific agriculture, Dictionary immediate medical science ...
4.c.2. This is a dictionary built in the way "language learning". Chúng du?c phân ra nhu sau: They are divided as follows:
Dictionary a language: It is designed for a specific language is in each hand, each area. Example: dictionary explains, means dictionary, spelling dictionary, dictionary from, frequency dictionary (general or for each area), as opposed Dictionary (Dictionary Inversal), ...
Dictionary many languages: It is compiled on the basis of two or more languages. There may also be included in the dictionary as common: Dictionary English - Vietnamese dictionary Russian - Vietnamese dictionary Vietnamese - France, ...; dictionary reverse fields such as mathematics Dictionary English - Vietnamese, medical dictionary Russian - Vietnamese dictionary and learn English - Vietnamese, ...
5. In Vietnam, if a review is strictly between the k? 20 before returning, we have not h? subjects learn the vocabulary and language learning in general.
Prices have, can only say, by request, with different purposes, some dictionaries have been made in our country through a number of capital is not a research specialist language school (English and non-English). For example:
- "Dictionarium Annamiticum - en Lasitanum Latinum" by A. de Rhodes (Roma, 1651). de Rhodes (Roma, 1651).
- "Dictionarie Annamite - Français" by M. Genibrel (Tân Đ?nh, 1898). Genibrel (Tan Dinh, 1898).
- "The jewel of tonality" of France The increase (about the k? 16-17), translated by Nxb Social Science, Hanoi, 1985).
- "The southern sound quac Astrology" by Paul Huinh Tinh Cua (Saigon, 1825).
However, through several cross k? recently, the subject vocabulary learning in the country has achieved significant results very respectfully, to contribute significant effort to studying English in general.
