Screw Compressors: A Look At Its Processes, Types And Applications
Screw compressors are specifically made to handle a wide array of dry material transfer ranging from granulates, cement and plastics to sand, flour, lime and silicate. Its body contains two forms of screws further known as the female and male screws. Female screws are those with concave inlets while male screws have convex ones.
Screw compressors operate in opposite directions. It is the female screw that receives the driving power. The male screw on the other hand, is responsible for transmitting the power driven by the female version. It passes through a set of the so-called synchronization gears.
Processes
Aside from the major roles of male and female screws in a compressor, there are other essential parts of the process. While the screws start rotating, the admission process takes place. This is where the air fills the inlet port thereby occupying the space between the two screws.
Next to the admission phase is the compression phase. This is when the male thread stops or blocks the female thread. During this stage, the rotation of the screws starts to decrease. As soon as the volume reaches the compressor’s delivery outlet then the exhaust phase takes place.
The exhaust phase is that instance when the screws no longer have contact with each other. Total reliability is obtained during the procedure thus allowing the screw compressors to be of great use to several applications. Common examples are hydraulic power systems, electric motor and stationary and mobile applications.
The different types and their specific applications
There is one type known as the rotary screw compressor. This is found under the kinds of gas compressors. It uses a mechanism through a single screw or a double counter helical screw. While the mechanism does its work, gas can be drawn through the casing’s port then captured in a certain cavity. Discharge of the gas is then made to another port in the casing. This type of screw compressor is applied in general industries like those trailer units powered by diesel as seen in construction sites.
Another specific type is the oil-flooded screw compressor. This is often functional in sealing and cooling gas charges. As the oil flows in the process, it undergoes separation from the discharge stream before it is cooled and filtered. Later on, the oil is recycled.
Oil-free screw compressors are also examples of this industrial machinery. Without the presence of any oil, air compression is made probable by the screws. This type is relatively important in medical researches as well as in semiconductor industries.
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