The History Of Air Conditioning

Air Conditioning is defined as the removal of heat from an enclosed space for thermal comfort. Air conditioning is also referred to as HVAC, which stands for Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning. Both heating and air conditioning go hand in hand. Usually air conditioning is achieved through the use of a machine called an air conditioner. This machine is designed to stabilize the air temperature and humidify the enclosed space; cooling it by a refrigeration cycle that can sometimes use evaporation or simple refrigeration which is the freezing of the evaporated air.

The concept of air conditioning has existed as far back as ancient Rome. This was achieved by dug aqueducts of water that ran through the walls of the homes to cool them. There were also similar techniques used in Persia during the middle ages. The second century Chinese used rotating fans to circulate air as a form of air conditioning. Benjamin Franklin and John Hadley had experimented with evaporated water which could be used to rapidly cool an object.

In 1820, a British scientist named Michael Faraday had invented an ammonia liquid that could chill air once the ammonia evaporated. By 1842m a Florida physician named John Gorrie used a large scale compressor to create ice. Utilizing all of the aforementioned techniques and experiments, this eventually result in the design of the first large scale air conditioner as we know of them today was designed by Willis Haviland in the early 19th Century. This design has well since been scaled down to fit the average home in the way of sitting in the window.

Haviland took his design to New York where he began experimenting with his process to help cool the printing presses for Sackett-Wilhems Lithographing and Publishing Company.
This became the first industrial air conditioning unit of the modern day. By 1928, Thomas Midgley, Junior had developed a substance called Freon which was a chloroflurocaroin gas that cooled the enclosed areas of boxes and rooms. The first use of Freon based air conditioners was born. The Freon substance became labeled R-134A. Eventually when Freon was found to be toxic, it was reformulated into R-12, a Chlororflurocarbin mixed with Hydrogenated and a Hydroflurocarboin.

This mixture of R-12 was designed by DuPont in the mid 20th Century. This mixture is currently in the process of being phased out and will be completely discontinued by 2020. The road of air conditioning has come a long way and seems to not be slowing down at all.

By: Daniel Blinman

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