Sam Vaknin's Articles in Psychology

  • Sexual Fetishism: The Object is Desire
    There are three types of fetishes
  • Common Problems with Psychological Laboratory Tests
    Psychological laboratory tests suffer from a series of common philosophical, methodological, and design problems.
  • The Capgras Shift
    Elderly people believe that their relatives have been replaced by malicious, conspiring doubles. They lock themselves in, buy guns, change their wills, complain to the authorities. If not checked with antipsychotic medication, they become violent. Quite a few cases of murder, resisting arrest, that sort of thing.
  • Narcissism and Addiction
    The concepts of "addiction" and "(pathological) narcissism" were introduced to account for oft-recurring amalgams of behaviors, moods, emotions, and cognitions.
  • The Narcissist as Failure and Loser
    They laze about, indulge themselves in a variety of idle and trivial pursuits, seek entertainment and thrills wherever and whenever they can, and while their lives away, at once content and bitter
  • Adult Children of Narcissists
    Adult children of narcissists adopt one of two solutions: entanglement or detachment.
  • Serial and Mass Killers as Familiar Figures
    Scholarly literature, biographical studies of serial killers, as well as anecdotal evidence suggest that serial and mass killers suffer from personality disorders and some of them are also psychotic.
  • The Psychopathic Patient - A Case Study
    He seems rather peeved at having to attend the sessions but tries to hide his displeasure by claiming to be eager to "heal, reform himself and get reintegrated into normative society".
  • The Paranoid Patient - A Case Study
    I set some boundaries by reminding him that the therapy session is about him, not me. He nods sagely: it's all part of an intricate scheme to "subdue" him and place him "under firm control".
  • The Narcissistic Patient - A Case Study
    Life, bemoans Sam, has dealt him a bad hand. He is consistently and repeatedly victimized by his clients, for instance. They take credit for his ideas and leverage them to promote themselves, but then fail to re-hire him as a consultant.
  • Psychosis, Delusions, and Personality Disorders
    Psychotics are fully aware of events and people "out there". They cannot, however separate data and experiences originating in the outside world from information generated by internal mental processes.
  • Empathy and Personality Disorders
    Narcissists and psychopaths lack empathy. It is safe to say that the same applies to patients with other personality disorders, notably the Schizoid, Paranoid, Borderline, Avoidant, and Schizotypal.
  • The Sadistic Patient - A Case Study
    Why did he force the mother to dump her by now limp and profusely bleeding infant daughter outside the door?
  • The Obsessive-Compulsive Patient - A Case Study
    Anxiety breeds frustration and is followed by rage. The outburst lasts but a second and Magda reasserts control over her emotions by counting aloud.
  • The Negativistic (Passive-Aggressive) Patient - A Case Study
    Mike is attending therapy at the request of his wife. She complains that he is "emotionally absent" and aloof. Mike shrugs.
  • The Masochistic Patient - A Case Study
    Sam is gregarious and somewhat narcissistic. He likes being the center of attention. Still, he is a virtual hermit.
  • The Dependent Patient - A Case Study
    She acknowledges that he is verbally and sometimes physically abusive. He has cheated on her more times than she can count, usually with classmates at the university.
  • Misdiagnosing Personality Disorders as Eating Disorders
    The current view of orthodoxy is that the eating disordered patient is attempting to reassert control over her life by ritually regulating her food intake and her body weight. In this respect, eating disorders resemble obsessive-compulsive disorders.
  • Misdiagnosing Personality Disorders as Bipolar I Disorder
    The manic phase of the Bipolar I Disorder is often misdiagnosed as a Personality Disorder.
  • Misdiagnosing Personality Disorders as Asperger's Disorder
    The Asperger's Disorder patient is self-centered and engrossed in a narrow range of interests and activities.
  • Misdiagnosing Personality Disorders as Anxiety Disorders
    Patients with personality disorders are often anxious. Narcissists, for instance, are preoccupied with the need to secure social approval or attention (Narcissistic Supply).
  • The Schizotypal Patient - A Case Study
    El-Or's real name is George. He changed it as a result of an epiphany he experienced at the tender age of 9 when he encountered an alien spaceship in his back yard
  • The Schizoid Patient - A Case Study
    Mark veers between being bored with our encounter and being annoyed by it.
  • The Histrionic Patient - A Case Study
    "I like to flirt. A little flirting never hurt nobody is what I say."
  • The Borderline Patient - A Case Study
    The commencement of each affair was "a dream come true" and the men were all and one "Prince Charming".
  • The Avoidant Patient - A Case Study
    Does she have a boyfriend? I must be mocking her. Who would date an ugly duckling, plain secretary like her?
  • Sex and Personality Disorders
    Our sexual behavior expresses not only our psychosexual makeup but also the entirety of our personality.
  • The Narcissist in Therapy
    The narcissist sends a message to his psychotherapist: there is nothing you can teach me, I am as intelligent as you are, you are not superior to me, actually, we should both collaborate as equals in this unfortunate state of things in which we, inadvertently, find ourselves involved.
  • The Hateful Patient - Difficult Patients in Psychotherapy
    Groves described four types of such undesirable patients: "dependent clingers" (codependents), "entitled demanders" (narcissists and borderlines), "manipulative help rejectors" (typically psychopaths and paranoids, borderlines and negativistic passive-aggressives), and "self-destructive deniers" (schizoids and schizotypals, for instance, or histrionics and borderlines).
  • Psychological Signs and Symptoms
    Symptoms are the patient's complaints. They are highly subjective and amenable to suggestion and to alterations in the patient's mood and other mental processes. Symptoms are no more than mere indications.

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